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Nils Röhrig | REWE digital

  1. Was ist Svelte?
  2. Wo kommt Svelte her?
  3. Was kann Svelte?
  4. Was macht Svelte anders?

Was ist Svelte?

Kerneigenschaften

  • Komponenten-Framework
  • Kapselung von UI-Elementen
  • Deklarative Komposition

UI-Komponenten

Logo
Register
Home
E-Mail
Submit

UI-Komponenten

App
Logo
Register
Home
E-Mail
Submit

UI-Komponenten

App
Header
Body
Logo
Register
Home
E-Mail
Submit

UI-Komponenten

App
Header
Form
Logo
Navi
Body
Logo
Register
Home
E-Mail
Submit

UI-Komponenten

App
Header
Form
Logo
Navi
Body
Home
Register
E-Mail
Submit
Logo
Register
Home
E-Mail
Submit

UI-Komponenten

App
Header
Form
Logo
Navi
Body
Home
Register
E-Mail
Submit
Logo
Register
Home
E-Mail
Submit

Wo kommt Svelte her?

HTML & CSS

.block__element--modifier

  .form {}
  .form__input {}
  .form__input--email {}
  .form__button {}
  .form__button--submit {}

Bootstrap

<div class="modal">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h1 class="modal-title">Modal Example</h1>
        <button class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" />
      </div>
      <div class="modal-body">
        <p>Example content.</p>
      </div>
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Ok</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

JavaScript

Model-View-ViewModel

View
ViewModel
Model
Bindings

2013

2013

React

One-Way-Dataflow

One-Way-Dataflow

State
View
Action

updates
updates
dispatches

Virtual DOM

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Eine wilde Zustandsänderung

erscheint!

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Neuer Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Browser

DOM-Baum

Virtueller

DOM-Baum

Und was hat das mit Svelte zu tun?

2016

2016

v1

2019

3

Was kann Svelte?

Svelte ist ein Compiler

Svelte-Komponente

<h1>Hello Svelte Day!</h1>

Svelte-Komponente

JavaScript

Compiler

<h1>Hello Svelte Day!</h1>
/* HelloSvelteDay.svelte generated by Svelte v3.46.4 */
import { SvelteComponent, detach, element, init,
         insert, noop, safe_not_equal } from "svelte/internal";

function create_fragment(ctx) {
  let h1;

  return {
    c() {
      h1 = element("h1");
      h1.textContent = "Hello Svelte Day!";
    },
    m(target, anchor) {
      insert(target, h1, anchor);
    },
    p: noop,
    i: noop,
    o: noop,
    d(detaching) {
      if (detaching) detach(h1);
    },
  };
}

class HelloSvelteDay extends SvelteComponent {
  constructor(options) {
    super();
    init(this, options, null, create_fragment, safe_not_equal, {});
  }
}

export default HelloSvelteDay;

Svelte ist eine Sprache

Komponenten-Struktur

<script>
  // STATE & BEHAVIOR
</script>

<style>
  /* PRESENTATION */
</style>

<!-- DECLARATIVE MARKUP -->

Direktiven

<script>
  let value = 0;
  
  const logValue = () => console.log(value)
</script>

<input bind:value type="number" />
<button on:click={logValue}>Log</button>

Kontrollstrukturen

<script>
  let showFruits  = false;
  let fruits = ["banana", "apple", "orange"];
  
  const toggleFruitVisibility = () => showFruits = !showFruits
</script>

<button on:click={toggleFruitVisibility}>Toggle Fruit Visibility</button>

{#if showFruits}
  <ul>
    {#each fruits as fruit}
      <li>{fruit}</li>
    {/each}
  </ul>
{:else}
  <p>Fruits are invisible, please toggle fruit visibility.</p>
{/if}

Reaktivität

Reaktivität

Reaktivität

Reaktivität

Reaktivität

Reactive Syntax

<script>
  let value = 0

  $: valueSquared = value * value
  $: valueCubed = valueSquared * value
</script>

<label>
  Value: <input bind:value type="number" />
</label>

Value squared: <output>{valueSquared}</output>
Value cubed: <output>{valueCubed}</output>

Event Handling

Event Handling

<script>
  const handleAlways = () => console.log('clicked')	
  const handleOnce = () => console.log('clicked only once')
</script>

<button on:click={handleAlways}>Fires always</button><br>
<button on:click|once={handleOnce}>Fires only once</button>

State Management

<script>
  let count = 0;
  
  const increment = () => count = count + 1
  const decrement = () => count = count - 1
</script>


<button on:click={increment}>increment</button>
<button on:click={decrement}>decrement</button>

<output>{count}</output>

Local State

Props

<!-- PropsContainer -->
<script>
  import PropsDisplayer from "./PropsDisplayer.svelte"
</script>

<PropsDisplayer name="Svelte Day" />
<!-- PropsDisplayer -->
<script>
  export let name
</script>

<p>Hello {name}!</p>

Props

<!-- PropsContainer -->
<script>
  import PropsDisplayer from "./PropsDisplayer.svelte"
</script>

<PropsDisplayer name="Svelte Day" />
<!-- PropsDisplayer -->
<script>
  export let name
</script>

<p>Hello {name}!</p>

Props

<!-- PropsContainer -->
<script>
  import PropsDisplayer from "./PropsDisplayer.svelte"
</script>

<PropsDisplayer name="Svelte Day" />
<!-- PropsDisplayer -->
<script>
  export let name
</script>

<p>Hello {name}!</p>

Props

<!-- PropsContainer -->
<script>
  import PropsDisplayer from "./PropsDisplayer.svelte"
</script>

<PropsDisplayer name="Svelte Day" />
<!-- PropsDisplayer -->
<script>
  export let name
</script>

<p>Hello {name}!</p>

Stores

<script>
  import { onDestroy } from "svelte"
  import { writable } from "svelte/store"

  let counterValue = 0

  const counter = writable(0);
  const unsubscribe = counter.subscribe(
    (storeValue) => (counterValue = storeValue)
  )

  onDestroy(unsubscribe)
</script>

<button on:click={() => counter.update((v) => v - 1)}>decrement</button>
<button on:click={() => counter.update((v) => v + 1)}>increment</button>

<output>{counterValue}</output>

Sprachsupport für Stores

<script>
  import { writable } from "svelte/store";
  const counter = writable(0);
</script>

<button on:click={() => counter.update((v) => v - 1)}>decrement</button>
<button on:click={() => counter.update((v) => v + 1)}>increment</button>

<output>{$counter}</output>

Stylesheets

Sprachsupport für Stylesheets

<style>
  h1 {
    color: red;
  }
  
  .blue {
    color: blue;
  }
  
  :global(h1) {
    font-weight: normal;
  }
</style>

<h1>Red Heading!</h1>
<h1 class="blue">Blue Heading!</h1>

Was macht Svelte anders?

Verzicht auf Virtual DOM

Geringere Code-Menge

React

Svelte

import React, { useState } from "react";

export default function Summing() {
  const [operand1, setOperand1] = useState(0);
  const [operand2, setOperand2] = useState(0);

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Summing</h1>
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand1}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand1(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      +
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand2}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand2(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      =
      <strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  let operand1 = 0;
  let operand2 = 0;
</script>

<h1>Summing</h1>
<input type="number" bind:value={operand1} />
+
<input type="number" bind:value={operand2} />
=
<strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>

Geringere Code-Menge

React

Svelte

import React, { useState } from "react";

export default function Summing() {
  const [operand1, setOperand1] = useState(0);
  const [operand2, setOperand2] = useState(0);

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Summing</h1>
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand1}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand1(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      +
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand2}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand2(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      =
      <strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  let operand1 = 0;
  let operand2 = 0;
</script>

<h1>Summing</h1>
<input type="number" bind:value={operand1} />
+
<input type="number" bind:value={operand2} />
=
<strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>

Geringere Code-Menge

React

Svelte

import React, { useState } from "react";

export default function Summing() {
  const [operand1, setOperand1] = useState(0);
  const [operand2, setOperand2] = useState(0);

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Summing</h1>
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand1}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand1(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      +
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand2}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand2(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      =
      <strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  let operand1 = 0;
  let operand2 = 0;
</script>

<h1>Summing</h1>
<input type="number" bind:value={operand1} />
+
<input type="number" bind:value={operand2} />
=
<strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>

Geringere Code-Menge

React

Svelte

import React, { useState } from "react";

export default function Summing() {
  const [operand1, setOperand1] = useState(0);
  const [operand2, setOperand2] = useState(0);

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Summing</h1>
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand1}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand1(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      +
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand2}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand2(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      =
      <strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  let operand1 = 0;
  let operand2 = 0;
</script>

<h1>Summing</h1>
<input type="number" bind:value={operand1} />
+
<input type="number" bind:value={operand2} />
=
<strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>

Geringere Code-Menge

React

Svelte

import React, { useState } from "react";

export default function Summing() {
  const [operand1, setOperand1] = useState(0);
  const [operand2, setOperand2] = useState(0);

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Summing</h1>
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand1}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand1(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      +
      <input
        type="number"
        value={operand2}
        onChange={(e) => setOperand2(Number(e.target.value))}
      />
      =
      <strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  let operand1 = 0;
  let operand2 = 0;
</script>

<h1>Summing</h1>
<input type="number" bind:value={operand1} />
+
<input type="number" bind:value={operand2} />
=
<strong>{operand1 + operand2}</strong>

Nähe zur Plattform

React

Svelte

import React, { useRef } from "react";
import tippy from "tippy.js";

export default function App() {
  const tippyRef = useRef();

  if (tippyRef != null) {
    tippy(tippyRef.current, {
      content: "Tippy Tooltip!",
    });
  }

  return (
    <>
      <button ref={tippyRef}>Tippy Button</button>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  import tippy from "tippy.js";
</script>

<button use:tippy={{ content: 'Tippy Tooltip!' }}>
  Tippy Button!
</button>

Nähe zur Plattform

React

Svelte

import React, { useRef } from "react";
import tippy from "tippy.js";

export default function App() {
  const tippyRef = useRef();

  if (tippyRef != null) {
    tippy(tippyRef.current, {
      content: "Tippy Tooltip!",
    });
  }

  return (
    <>
      <button ref={tippyRef}>Tippy Button</button>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  import tippy from "tippy.js";
</script>

<button use:tippy={{ content: 'Tippy Tooltip!' }}>
  Tippy Button!
</button>

Nähe zur Plattform

React

Svelte

import React, { useRef } from "react";
import tippy from "tippy.js";

export default function App() {
  const tippyRef = useRef();

  if (tippyRef != null) {
    tippy(tippyRef.current, {
      content: "Tippy Tooltip!",
    });
  }

  return (
    <>
      <button ref={tippyRef}>Tippy Button</button>
    </>
  );
}
<script>
  import tippy from "tippy.js";
</script>

<button use:tippy={{ content: 'Tippy Tooltip!' }}>
  Tippy Button!
</button>

Flache Lernkurve

Feature-Vergleich

Svelte React
CSS-Support ✅ ❌
Transitionen ✅ ❌
Animationen ✅ ❌
State Management ✅ /
Deklarativer Zugriff auf Head, Body oder Window ✅ ❌
Benutzbar ohne Build-Schritt ❌ /
Großes Ökosystem / ✅
Unterstützt durch große Firma ❌ ✅
  1. Offizielles Tutorial bearbeiten
  2. Im REPL experimentieren
  3. Svelte für einen kleinen Teil eines Projekts / Produkts einsetzen

Vielen Dank!

@drunknzombiecow

nils.roehrig@rewe-group.com

Einstieg in Svelte (c't webdev 22)

By Nils Röhrig

Einstieg in Svelte (c't webdev 22)

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